June 1st is

Olive Day

Hazelnut Cake Day

Heimlich Maneuver Day *

Oscar the Grouch Day

Penpal Day

Say Something Nice Day *

Superman’s Birthday

International Children’s Day *
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MORE! Genghis Khan, Marguerite Porète and Louis Brandeis, click

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WORLD FESTIVALS AND NATIONAL HOLIDAYS

Cambodia, Laos and Romania –
Children’s Day

Cape Verde – Dia da Criança
(Youth and Children’s Day)

Indonesia – Pancasila Day *

Kenya – Madaraka Day
(National Day)

Malaysia – Sarawak: Hari Gawai
(Iban and Biydayuh harvest festival)

Mongolia – Mothers’ and Childrens’ Day

Palau – President’s Day

Samoa – Independence Day

United Kingdom – Suffolk
Red Rooster Rhythm & Blues Fest
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On This Day in HISTORY

1215 – The Mongols under Genghis Khan capture Zhongdu (now Beijing)

The Siege of Zhongdu, in the Persian Jami’ al-tawarikh by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani

1310 – Marguerite Porète, French mystic, burned at the stake for heresy in Paris. After a lengthy trial, she refuses to recant her beliefs or remove her book, The Mirror of Simple Souls, from circulation. Condemned for her belief that in a state of contemplative love of God, the soul has no need of Masses or intercession by priests or even prayer. Her book is also suspect because it is written in Old French instead of Latin

1495 – First known written reference to Scotch Whisky – in the Exchequer Rolls: “To Brother John Cor, by order of the King, to make aqua vitae VIII bolls of malt.”  John Cor was a Tironensian monk at Lindores Abbey in Fife, probably an apothecary, who served King James IV.  Lindores Abbey dubbed the ‘Birthplace of Scotch Whisky’

1533 – Anne Boleyn is crowned Queen of England, beginning her “1000 days”

1563 – Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, born; English Secretary of State (1596-1612), Lord High Treasurer (1608-1612), and Lord Privy Seal (1598-1612)

1633 – Geminiano Montanari born, Italian astronomer and lens-maker; proponent of the experimental approach to science

1653 – Georg Muffat born, French organist and composer

1657 – The first Quakers arrive in New Amsterdam (now New York City)

1660 – Mary Dyer, one of four Quakers known as the Boston Martyrs, is hanged after repeatedly returning to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in protest of Quakers being banned for their ‘heretical’ beliefs by Puritans

1774 – As punishment for the Boston Tea Party, the Boston Port Act, enacted by the British Parliament in March, outlawing the use of the Port of Boston for “landing and discharging, loading or shipping, of goods, wares, and merchandise” is enforced on this day by a blockade. The day is widely observed in Massachusetts as a day of mourning, with fasting and prayer, bells tolled, and flags at half-mast. Even Bostonians not in favor of rebellion are angered, as they are being punished just as much as the raiders. Other colonies send relief supplies, an early sign of a uniting front by the American colonies against British rule

1797 – Abby Hadassah Smith born, suffragist, and women’s property rights advocate, subject of Abby Smith and her Cows written by her sister Julia Evelina Smith. The Town of Glastonbury raised taxes on the Smith sisters and two other widows, but their male neighbors’ property values had not risen, so the sisters refused to pay the taxes without being granted a right to vote in town meetings. Seven of Abby’s cows were seized and sold for taxes (January 1874). When she protested this seizure of property, 15 acres of her pastureland were also seized for delinquent taxes (June 1874). The sisters took the town to court and ultimately won their case

Judith Evelina Smith, left and Abby Hadassah Smith

1804 – Mikhail Glinka born, first Russian composer to be widely recognized within Russia; important influence on development of a ‘Russian style’ of classical music

1843 – Henry Faulds born, Scottish physician, missionary and scientist; proponent of the use of fingerprinting in forensic work

1868 – Annie MacKinnon Fitch born, mathematician, Ph.D., Cornell University (1894), dissertation: “Concomitant Binary Forms in Terms of the Roots.” Wells College Professor of Mathematics, elected to American Mathematical Society (1897). “It seems to me worthwhile that some women are intelligent about things mathematical even if their own accomplishments are not great.” Also member of American Association for  Advancement of Science and League of Women Voters

1869 – Thomas Edison patents an electric voting machine

1877 – U.S. troops are authorized to pursue bandits into Mexico

1878 – John Masefield, English author and poet; UK Poet Laureate (1930-1967)

1889 – James Daugherty born, American author, illustrator, and painter; 1940 Newbery Medal for Daniel Boone

1890 – The U.S. Census Bureau begins using Herman Hollerith’s tabulating machine to count census returns

1896 – In Paris, France, the first recorded automobile theft occurs when the Peugeot of Baron de Zuylen de Nyevelt is stolen by his mechanic

1901 – John Van Druten born, English-American playwright; Bell, Book and Candle

1916 – Louis Brandeis, son of immigrants, lawyer and social activist, becomes the first Jew to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court; one of the first to use testimony from experts in other professions to support the case he was making in his briefs; defender of freedom of speech and the right to privacy

1916 – The National Defense Act increases the strength of the U.S. National Guard by 450,000 men

1921 – The Tulsa Massacre: the day after a false story is printed in the Tulsa Tribune that a black man had attacked white girl, the Greenwood “Little Africa” section of Tulsa, home to the wealthiest black community of the day in America, is firebombed and its residents attacked by white mobs, looting and burning 40 square blocks, killing 300 African Americans and leaving 9,000 homeless. White deputies and National Guard members arrested and detained 6,000 black citizens, released only when vouched for by a white employer or other white Tulsan

1921 – Nelson Riddle born, American composer and bandleader

1922 – The Royal Ulster Constabulary is founded, the police force of Northern Ireland until 2001. During “the Troubles,” it is the most dangerous police force in which to serve in the world: 319 officers are killed and almost 9,000 injured, mostly in attacks by the Provisional IRA

1924 – William Sloane Coffin born, American minister and peace activist

1925 – The World Conference for the Well-being of Children in Geneva, Switzerland, proclaims June 1 to be International Children’s Day *

1928 – Alberta Daisy Schenck Adams born, civil rights activist for equality of indigenous peoples, before Alaska statehood. Instrumental in passage of the Alaska Civil Rights Act passed by the Territorial Legislature 10 years before the Brown vs. the Board of Education decision

1933 – Haruo Remeliik born, first President of Palau

1939 – First flight of the German Focke-Wulf Fw 190 fighter-bomber airplane

1941 – First of two days of the Farhud, a pogrom which erupts against the Baghdadi Jews as the pro-Nazi Iraqi government is collapsing; 180 Jews are killed, 1,000 more are injured, and over 350 non-Jews trying to stop the violence are also killed, many of them  Muslims defending the lives and property of their Jewish neighbors; 900 Jewish homes are destroyed

1951 – The International Convention on the Use of Designations of Origin and Names for Cheeses is signed by members of the European Parliament

1967 – The Beatles release Sergeant Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band in the UK; it will be released in the U.S. on June 2

1968 – Simon & Garfunkel’s single “Mrs Robinson” is #1 on the charts

1974 – The Heimlich maneuver for rescuing choking victims is published in the journal Emergency Medicine – Heimlich Maneuver Day *

1975 – The musical Chicago opens on Broadway

1980 – The Cable News Network (CNN), the first 24-hour news channel is launched

1988 – The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty between the U.S. and the USSR comes into effect

1990 – U.S. President George H.W. Bush and Soviet Union President Mikhail Gorbachev sing the Chemical Weapons Accord, agreeing to reduce chemical weapons stockpiles by December 2002

1993 – Connie Chung becomes the second woman to co-anchor the evening news, 17 years after Barbara Walters became the first in 1976

2007 – The UK bans tobacco smoking from public places

2009 – General Motors files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, the fourth largest bankruptcy in U.S. history

2010 – Say Something Nice Day * is started by Mayor Keith Summey of North Charleston, to urge all citizens to treat everyone with courtesy and respect

2015 – Ameenah Gurib-Fakim, Mauritian biodiversity scientist,  is designated the

first woman president of Mauritius

2016 – Pancasila Day * becomes a national holiday, commemorating a speech made on June 1, 1945, by Indonesia’s first president, Sukarno, outlining five governing principles for the new nation, which he called pancasila (five principles in Indonesian)
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