November 3rd is
Cliché Day
Homemaker’s Day
Jellyfish Day
Public Television Day *
National Sandwich Day
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MORE! Lucan, Olympe de Gouges and John Barry, click
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WORLD FESTIVALS AND NATIONAL HOLIDAYS
Dominica – Independence Day
Ecuador – Cuenca: Independence Day
Japan – Bunka no Hi
(culture day)
Maldives – Victory Day
Micronesia – Independence
Panama – Separación de Panamá de Columbia *
(Separation from Columbia)
Independence Day
Samoa – Arbor Day
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On This Day in HISTORY
AD 39 – Lucan born, Roman poet
644 – Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim caliph, is assassinated by a Persian slave in Medina
1333 – Chronicler and banker Giovanni Villani records major damage in Florence Italy when the River Arno floods
1493 – Christopher Columbus first sights the island of Dominica in the Caribbean
1500 – Benvenuto Cellini born, Italian master goldsmith, artist and sculptor
Perseus, by Benvenuto Cellini
1507 – Leonardo DaVinci is commissioned by Lisa Gherardini’s husband to paint her portrait, which will come to be known as the Mona Lisa
1534 – English Parliament passes the first Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII head of the Anglican Church, supplanting the pope and the Roman Catholic Church
1560 – Annibale Carracci born, Italian artist, a pioneer of the Baroque style
Self-portrait by Annibale Carracci
1631 – The Reverend John Eliot arrives in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the first Protestant minister to dedicate himself to converting American Indians to Christianity
1689 – Jan Josef Ignác Brentner born, Czech Bohemian composer of the Baroque period; many of his works have been lost
1783 – The American Continental Army is disbanded
1793 – French playwright, feminist and abolitionist Olympe de Gouges (Déclaration des droits de la femme et de la citoyenne – Declaration of the Rights of Woman and Citizeness – 1791) is guillotined for her opposition to the execution of Louis XVI, and a poster which demands a plebiscite so the people could choose between a unitary republic, a federalist government or a constitutional monarchy
1793 –Stephen F. Austin born, principle founder of Texas; Austin is named for him
1794 – William Cullen Bryant born, American poet; one of the first American poets to be well-known in Europe as well as at home; “Thanatopsis”
1801 – Vincenzo Bellini born, Italian opera composer; best known for Norma
1801 – Karl Baedeker born, German publisher whose guidebooks set the standard for reliably informing tourists on routes, transport, accommodation, restaurants, tipping, what sights to see, walks and prices; introduced the star rating system
1817 – The Bank of Montreal, Canada’s oldest chartered bank, opens in Montreal
1838 – The Times of India, the world’s largest circulated English language broadsheet daily is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce
1839 – The first Opium War between China and Great Britain erupts
1845 – Edward Douglass White born, American jurist; Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1910-1921); formulated the Rule of Reason standard of antitrust law
1856 – Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo born, Spanish scholar and historian, whose interest was the history of ideas; five-time nominee for Nobel Prize in Literature
1867 – Giuseppe Garibaldi and his followers are defeated in the Battle of Mentana and fail to end the Pope’s Temporal power in Rome (they win 3 years later)
1868 – John Willis Menard, the first African American elected to the U.S. Congress, is never seated because of an electoral challenge
1877 – Carlos Ibáñez del Campo born, President of Chile (1927-1931 and 1952-1958)
1884 –The first Black-owned, Bantu-language South African newspaper, Imvo Zabantsundu (Black Opinion), is published by Thanda Press in King William’s Town. The paper’s first editor, J. Tengo Jabavu, was a moderate political leader, who tried to follow a middle path between the positions of the South African National Native Congress, and the white government’s policies. He was an advocate for education for black South Africans, and believed in equal education for women
J. Tengo Jabavu
1892 – The first automatic telephone, invented by Almon Strowger, goes into service in LaPorte, Indiana
1900 – First U.S auto show opens in Madison Square Garden in NY
1901 – Andre Malraux born, French novelist, first French Minister of Cultural Affairs (1959-1969); La Condition Humaine (Man’s Fate)
1903 – Following the War of a Thousand Days, a civil war in Columbia, and with “encouragement” from the U. S., Panama separates from Colombia * and proclaims itself the Republic of Panama
1903 – Walker Evans born, American photographer known for his stark photos of America during the Great Depression
Sharecroppers, Tengle family, Hale County, AL – by Walker Evans 1936
1905 – Loïs Mailou Jones born, influential American artist and teacher, the African-American woman painter best-known in the 1930s-1940s outside the U.S.
Loïs Mailou Jones in her Paris studio, 1930s – Ubi Girl from Tai Region
1906 – Julia Boyer Reinstein born, American historian and teacher; she taught in the history department of the University of Buffalo, became the first town historian of Cheektowaga, New York, and a founder and president of the Erie County Historical Federation, made up of local historical societies in the county. Though she was a lesbian, she accepted a proposal of marriage from Dr. Victor Reinstein in 1942, and they were married until his death in 1984. She and her husband donated the property for the Reinstein Woods Nature Preserve, and built the Anna M. Reinstein Library in Cheektowaga. She made donations to Elmira College, her alma mater, toward establishing a Department of Women’s Studies
1909 – James Reston born in Scotland, American journalist, correspondent, and columnist for the New York Times (1974-1987)
1911 – Louis Chevrolet, French racing driver and automotive engineer, founds the Chevrolet Motor Company with William C. Durant and several investors
Chevrolet Series C classic-six, 1911
1917 – Annapurna Maharana born, Indian pro-independence activist and prominent social and women’s rights advocate, a close ally of Gandhi
1918 – Elizabeth Paschel Hoisington born, U.S. Army officer, one of the first two woman to attain the rank of brigadier general; director of the Women’s Army Corps (1965-1971)
1918 – Poland declares its independence from Russia
1919 – Květa Legátová, born Věra Hofmanová, Czech novelist and short story writer, noted for her collection of interconnected short stories in a fictional village, Želary, which one the Czech State Prize for Literature in 2002, which includes her novella, Jozova Hanule (Joza’s Hanule)
1920 – Oodgeroo Noonuccal born Kathleen Walker, Australian Aborigine activist who campaigned for Aboriginal rights, poet, artist and educator; Queensland state secretary of the Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders, and a key figure in the campaign to reform the Australian constitution to give Aborigines full citizenship; first Aboriginal Australian to publish a book of verse
1924 – Violetta Elvin born as Violetta Prokhorova, Russian prima ballerina with the Bolshoi, then Sadler’s Wells Ballet (now the Royal Ballet) in England
1930 – Mable John born, American blues vocalist; first woman signed by Berry Gordy for Motown’s Tamia label
1933 – John Barry born, English-American composer and conductor; best known for film scores, especially the music for the early James Bond films
1935 – Ingrid Rüütel born, Estonian folklorist and philologist; she was Estonia’s First Lady during her husband’s term as President (2001-2006)
1936 – President Franklin Roosevelt was re-elected in a landslide over Alf Landon
1941 – U.S. Ambassador to Japan John Grew warns that the Japanese may be planning a sudden attack on the U.S.
1947 –Mazie Hirono born, American politician; U.S. Congresswoman (D-HI 2007-2013); U.S. Senator (D-HI) 2013 to present
1948 – Lulu born as Marie Lawrie, Scottish pops singer
1949 – Anna Wintour born in England, American journalist and editor; editor-in-chief of Vogue since 1988; a former personal assistant, Lauren Weisberger, wrote the 2003 best seller, The Devil Wears Prada
1954 – The first Godzilla movie is released
1956 – Cathy Jamieson born, Scottish Labour Party politician, MP for Kilmarnock & Loudon (2010-2015); Minister for Justice in the Scottish Executive (2003-2007)
1957 – The U.S.S.R. launches Sputnick 2, carrying the first animal to enter orbit, a stray dog named Laika – she died within hours from overheating, possibly caused by the failure of the central R-7 sustainer to separate from the payload, but the Soviets never planned for her survival
1960 – Land became the Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge was established by an Act of Congress after a year-long legal battle between local residents and Port Authority of New York and New Jersey officials wanting to build major regional airport for jet aircraft on the site
1960 – Felix Mounie, leader of Union du Peuple Camerounnais (UPC) in Cameroon, is assassinated, poisoned by a doctor who was a reserve officer of French Intelligence. The UPC had become the major political movement demanding the end of UN trusteeship over Cameroon, and full independence for the country
1962 – Jacqui Smith born, British Labour politician; Member of Parliament for Redditch (1997-2010); Britain’s first woman Home Secretary (2007-2009)
1964 – Washington D.C. residents are eligible to vote in a presidential election for the first time
1965 – Ann Scott born, French novelist; noted for her 2000 book Superstars, which has gained a cult following
1969 – Public Broadcasting Day * – The Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) forms the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) to interconnect public television stations and distribute programming
1970 – Jeanette J. Epps born, American aerospace engineer and NASA astronaut; former Technical Intelligence Officer for the CIA
1973 – NASA launches the Mariner 10 probe toward Mercury
1975 – Good Morning America premieres on ABC-TV
1978 – Dominica gains its independence from the United Kingdom
1979 – Greensboro massacre: Five Communist Workers Party members are shot dead and seven are wounded by a group of Klansmen and neo-Nazis during a “Death to the Klan” rally in Greensboro, North Carolina, U.S.
1986 – Iran–Contra affair: The Lebanese magazine Ash-Shiraa reports that the U.S. has been secretly selling weapons to Iran in order to secure the release of seven Americans held hostage by pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon
1987 – China tells the U.S. it will stop selling arms to Iran
1992 – Carol Moseley-Braun is the first African-American woman elected as a U.S. senator (D-IL)
1997 – The U.S. imposes economic sanctions on Sudan citing human rights abuses of its own citizens, and material and political assistance to Islamic extremist groups across the Middle East and Eastern Africa
1997 – South Africa completes destroying its stockpile of anti-personnel mines
2002 – At Kai Tak Airport in Hong Kong, 777 people assembled a 58,435 square foot jigsaw puzzle with 21,600 pieces
2005 – Walt Disney Pictures releases Chicken Little, its first completely computer animated film
2010 – The Federal Reserve announces a plan to buy $600 billion in Treasury bonds over the next eight months in an attempt to boost lending and stimulate economy
2014 – The main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center, One World Trade Center, officially opens
2016 – Police interviewed a “person of interest” in the investigation of an arson fire which severely damaged the Missionary Baptist Church, a 111-year-old African-American landmark in Greenville, Mississippi, which also had a “Vote Trump” graffiti spray-painted on its wall
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