March 16th is

Freedom of Information Day *

Black Press Day *

Curlew Day

No Selfies Day

National Panda Day

Saint Urho’s Day *

Camp Fire Absolutely
Incredible Kid Day
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MORE!  Caroline Herschel, Rosa Bonheur and Tallulah Bankhead, click

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WORLD FESTIVALS AND NATIONAL HOLIDAYS

Canada – Montréal, QC:
Radical Reels Film Festival

Germany – Munich: Starkbierzeit
(Bavarian strong beer festival)

Haiti – (Voudon) Loci Davi/manger du bois ritual
(eating of the ritual wood and of its guard)

Spain – Valencia: Las Fallas
(fallas – huge papiermâché puppets)

St. Martin – SXMusic Festival
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On This Day in HISTORY

597 BC – Jeconiah, King of Judah, is dethroned and taken into captivity when the Babylonians capture Jerusalem

455 – Western Roman Emperor Valentinian III, practicing archery on the Campus Martius, is assassinated by two Scythian followers of Roman general Aëtius, in retaliation for Valentinian slaying Aëtius the previous year

1190 – At Clifford’s Tower, York, England, 150 local Jews die in a pogrom in the castle keep; most of the Jews commit suicide in order not to fall into the hands of the mob

1244 – The Siege of Montségur ends after nine-months; the Château de Montségur is held by Cathars, a Christian splinter movement regarded as heretical by the Roman Catholic Church; when the Cathars surrender to the besieging French royal forces, over 200 of them are burned in a bonfire

1478 – Hieronymus Emser born, German theologian, lecturer, editor and essayist

1521 – Ferdinand Magellan reaches the island of Homonhon in the Philippines.

1689 – The 23rd Regiment of Foot, or Royal Welch Fusiliers, is founded, one of the oldest regiments in the British army

1750 – Caroline Herschel born in Germany, English astronomer, the first woman to discover a comet, then goes on to discover several more; first woman awarded Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1828), and to be named an Honorary Member of the Royal Astronomical Society (1835, with Mary Somerville)

1751 – James Madison born, 4th president of the United States – Madison is known as the “Father of the Constitution” and as the foremost advocate for openness in government.  He is also hailed as being instrumental in the drafting of the United States Constitution and as the key champion and author of the United States Bill of Rights. His birthday is chosen as Freedom of Information Day * to honor his commitment to open government

1771 – Antoine-Jean Gros born, French Romantic painter

1787 – George Ohm born, physicist and mathematician ; Ohm’s Law, the physical unit of electrical resistance, is named the Ohm in his honor

1799 – Anna Children Atkins born, English botanist and pioneering photographer; in Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions, she records all the specimens of algae found in the British Isles, also created Cyanotypes of British and Foreign Flowering Plants and Ferns – they are the first sustained demonstrations that photography could be scientifically useful

1802 – President Thomas Jefferson signs into law the Military Peace Establishment Act of 1802, in which Congress authorizes funds to build a military academy at West Point NY, and establishes the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to build it

1822 – Rosa Bonheur born, French painter and sculptor, probably the most well-known and certainly the most financially successful woman painter of the 19^th century

1827 – Black Press Day * John Brown Russwurm and Reverend Samuel Cornish publish the first Black newspaper in the United States, Freedom’s Journal

1836 – The Republic of Texas approves a constitution

1850 – The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is first published

1868 – Maxim Gorky born, Russian author of short stories, novels and plays

1871 – The State of Delaware enacts the first fertilizer law

1882 – The Senate approves a treaty allowing the U.S. to join the Red Cross

1883 – Susan Hayhurst graduates from the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, the first woman pharmacy graduate.

1883 – Ethel Anderson born in England, Australian author, poet, art critic and painter; founded the Turramurra Wall Painters Union in New South Wales

1900 – Eveline M. Burns born, British-born American economist, writer and educator, professor of Social Work at Columbia, helped design the U.S. Social Security system

1909 – Cuba suffers a revolt only six weeks after the inauguration of Jose Miguel Gomez

1913 – The 15,000-ton battleship Pennsylvania is launched at Newport News VA

1915 – The Federal Trade Commission begins operation

1918 – Tallulah Bankhead makes her New York acting debut in The Squab Farm

1926 – Physicist Robert H. Goddard launches the first liquid-fuel rocket

1928 – The U.S. plans to send 1,000 more Marines to Nicaragua

1935 – Adolf Hitler orders a German rearmament in violation of the Versailles Treaty.

1939 – Germany occupies the rest of Czechoslovakia.

1942 – Fats Waller records “The Jitterbug Waltz” in New York

1943 – Ursula Goodenough born, Professor of Biology at Washington University in St. Louis where she engages in research on eukaryotic algae; author of best-selling book  Sacred Depths of Nature, and presenter of her programs Religious Naturalism and Epic of Evolution in venues around the world, including a Mind and Life dialogue with the Dalai Lama in 2002

1945 – Iwo Jima declared secure by Allies, but pockets of Japanese resistance remain

1946 – Indian leaders call British Premier Attlee’s offer for India’s independence contradictory and a propaganda move

1947 – Martial law, imposed on March 1^st after attacks and bombings which killed at least 20 people, ends in Tel Aviv and parts of Jerusalem

1950 – Congress votes to remove federal taxes on oleomargarine

1956 – Saint Urho’s Day * is created by Richard Mattson, a Minnesotan of Finnish descent, as a tongue-in-cheek response to all the to-do about St. Patrick’s Day in the U.S. The “legend” of St. Urho has now been proclaimed in all 50 states, and there are St. Urho pubs in Finland – An alternate version claims that Dr. Sulo Havumaki, of Bemidji State College, is the true originator of the St. Urho legend. This version has Havumaki claiming that St. Urho drove a plague of grasshoppers out of Finland, saving the Finnish wine crop (adding an unlikely warmer climate to Finnish history), and becoming the Patron Saint of Finnish Vineyard Workers.

1963 – Peter, Paul and Mary release “Puff the Magic Dragon”

1963 – Caltech astronomer Maartin Schmidt discovers the first known quasar, 3C273

1964 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson submits $1 billion ‘War on Poverty’ program to Congress

1964 – The Beatles release “Can’t Buy Me Love” in the U.S.

1968 – U.S. troops in Vietnam under the command of  Lt. William L. Calley destroy a village consisting mostly of women and children, known as the My-Lai massacre

1969 – The musical 1776 opens on Broadway

1978 – Italian politician Aldo Moro is kidnapped, then later murdered, by left-wing urban guerrillas

1982 – Russia announces they will halt deployment of new nuclear missiles in Western Europe

1984 – Mozambique and South Africa sign a pact banning support for one another’s internal enemies

1985 – A Chorus Line plays its 4,000 performance

1987 – Bostonia magazine prints an English translation of Albert Einstein’s last high school report card

1988 – Indictments are issued for Lt. Colonel Oliver North and Vice Admiral John Poindexter of the National Security Council for their Iran-Contra involvement

1989 – U.S.S.R. Central Committee approves Gorbachev’s large-scale agricultural reforms, and elects the party’s 100 members to the Congress of People’s Deputies

1993 – In France, ostrich meat is officially declared fit for human consumption

1994 – Russia agrees to phase out production of weapons-grade plutonium

1998 – Rwanda begins mass trials for 1994 genocide, 125,000 suspects in 500,000 deaths

1999 – The 20 members of the European Union’s European Commission announce their resignations amid allegations of corruption and financial mismanagement

2003 – Vice President Dick Cheney predicts on NBC’s “Meet the Press” that American troops will be “greeted as liberators” by the Iraqi people

2003 – Rachel Corrie, a 23-year-old American woman involved with the International Solidarity Movement, is killed trying to prevent a Palestinian home from being destroyed by a bulldozer in Rafah

2010 – A UCLA study finds 1 in 4 Californians have no health insurance, almost two million more than in 2007, mainly due to job loss

2014 – A referendum on the Ukrainian region of Crimea joining Russia sparks claims of election rigging and wide-spread pro-Ukrainian protests

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Visuals

• March 16 Days montage
• International flags
• Clifford’s Tower, York, England
• Caroline Herschel poster
• Embarquement de la Duchesse d’Angoulême à Pauillac by Antoine-Jean Gros (1819)
•  The Horse Fair, by Rosa Bonheur (ca. 1852)
• First page, The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne
• Maxim Gorky, happiness quote
•  Tallulah Bankhead, Republican party quote
• Ursula Goodenough, consensus quote
• Russian attacks, and Ukrainian voter distribution

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