October 3^rd is

Soft Taco Day

National Techies Day *

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MORE! Julius Caesar, Eleonora Duse and Gore Vidal, click

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WORLD FESTIVALS AND NATIONAL HOLIDAYS

Argentina – Quilmes:
Cine 2017 Film Festival

Germany – German Unity Day *

Iraq – National Day

Saint Lucia – Thanksgiving Day

South Korea – Kae Chun Jul
(Foundation Day)

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On This Day in HISTORY

52 BC – Vercingetorix, leader of the a confederation of Gallic tribes, surrenders to the Romans under Julius Caesar, ending the siege and Battle of Alesia

1631 – Sebastian Anton Scherer, German organist and composer

1648 – Élisabeth Sophie Chéron, French painter, poet, musician and academicienne

1683 – Qing dynasty naval commander Shi Lang reaches Taiwan (under the Kingdom of Tungning) to receive the formal surrender of Zheng Keshuang and Liu Guoxuan after the Battle of Pengh. Zheng Keshuang is the last king of Tungning

1713 – Antoine Dauvergne born, French violinist and composer

1789 – President George Washington issues a proclamation “to recommend to the People of the United States a day of public thanksgiving” on Thursday the 26^th day of November

1790 – John Ross born, aka Koo-wi-s-gu-wi, American, longest-serving Principle Chief of the Cherokee Nation (1828-1866)

1800 – George Bancroft born, American historian an statesman; advocate for secondary education; established U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis and obtained additional funds for U.S. Naval Observatory during his tenure as U.S. Secretary of the Navy 1845-1846; U.S. Minister plenipotentiary to Britain for discussions on the Oregon boundary dispute (1846-1849); a founding member of the American Geographical Society (AGS); Congress chose him to deliver a special eulogy on Lincoln in 1866

1844 – Sir Patrick Manson born, Scots physician and parasitologist, founder of the field of tropical medicine; first to discover mosquitoes can be hosts to a developing parasite that causes a human disease (filariasis, related to heartworm in dogs)

1849 – Jeannette Gilder born, pioneering American woman journalist; using the pen name “Brunswick,” she wrote for The Boston Evening Transcript and was their New York Correspondent; co-founder with her brother Richard of The Critic (1881-1906), a literary magazine; also joint editor with him of Scribner’s Monthly

1849 – Edgar Allen Poe is found delirious on the street in Baltimore, and taken to Washington Medical College, where he died at early in the morning on October 7. His medical records have been lost, adding to speculation about the cause of his death

1854 – William Crawford Gorgas born, U.S. Army physician, Surgeon General of the U.S Army (1914-1918); worked on abating transmission of malaria and yellow fever by controlling mosquitoes

1858 – Eleonora Duse born, Italian actress, regarded as one of the greatest actors of all time; remembered for roles in plays by Gabriele d’Annunzio and Henrik Ibsen; formed her own company as actor-manager – rival of Sarah Bernhardt

1859 – Lilian Whiting born, journalist and author, The Life Radiant, Land of Enchantment, and The Golden Road

1860 – Annie Horniman born, British theatre manager, co-founder of the Abbey Theatre in Dublin, and the Gaiety Theatre in Manchester, promoted new playwrights

The original Abbey Theatre and Annie Horniman, portrait by Emma Magnus

1863 – President Lincoln declares the last Thursday in November as Thanksgiving Day

1867 – Pierre Bonnard born, French Post-Impressionist avant-garde painter

The Letter, by Pierre Bonnard (1906)

1872 – The Bloomingdale brothers open their first store in New York City

1873 – Emily Post born, American author and authority on etiquette; Etiquette, her first major book, was successful because it broke new ground, aimed at people who without wealth or social position; her radio program and daily column were so popular, she had to set up a special office to handle the high volume of mail

1873 – “Captain Jack” Kintpuash, chief of the Northern California-Pacific NW Modoc tribe, found guilty of war crimes by the U.S. Army for the ambush killing of General Canby at a peace talk where U.S government insists the Modocs return to the Klamath Reservation, is hanged with three others, and some Modoc warriors were sent to prison.

1885 – Sophie Treadwell born, American playwright, novelist and journalist; Machinal
is the best-known of several of her plays that played on Broadway

1888 – Gilbert and Sullivan’s “Yeoman of the Guard” premieres at the Savoy Theatre

1889 – Carl von Ossietzky, German journalist and whistleblower, 1935 Nobel Peace Prize for exposing the clandestine, treaty-breaking German rearmament; after Hitler’s rise to power, in 1933 he convicted of high treason, sent to Esterwegen concentration camp, starved and mistreated by the guards; he defied the Nazis by accepting the Nobel Peace Prize, but of course not able to go to Oslo to receive it; died in 1938, of tuberculosis contracted at Esterwegen

1893 – J.S. Thurman patents a motor-driven vacuum cleaner

1897 – Ruth Muskrat Bronson born, Bureau of Indian Affairs official who got loans for Indian students, National Congress of American Indians forced authorities to honor treaties (1944), wrote Indians are People, Too  

1900 – Thomas Wolfe born, influential American novelist; Of Time and the River, You Can’t Go Home Again and Look Homeward, Angel

1904 – Mary McLeod Bethune opens her first school for African-American students in Daytona Beach, Florida

1906 – W.T. Grant opens a 35-cent department store

1922 – Governor Hardwick of Georgia appoints Rebecca Felton fill a vacancy in the U.S. Senate, the first woman to be a U.S. Senator

1925 – Gore Vidal born, American author, political commentator, essayist and public intellectual; Myra Breckinridge

1929 – Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes is renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia

1932 – Iraq gains independence from Great Britain, and joins the League of Nations

1941 – Adolf Hitler declares in a speech given in Berlin that Russia had been “broken” and would “never rise again”

1942 – FDR establishes the Office of Economic Stabilization, authorizing control of rents, wages, salaries and farm prices.

1942 – WWII: The first successful launch of a V-2 /A4-rocket from Test Stand VII at Peenemünde, Germany, the first man-made object to reach space

1944 – Founding of the New York City Opera

1952 – Great Britain becomes the world’s third nuclear power when they detonate their first atomic bomb

1954 – Father Knows Best premieres on CBS-TV

1955 – Captain Kangaroo and The Mickey Mouse Club debut on television

1957 – The California State Superior Court rules that Allen Ginsberg’s Howl and Other Poems is not obscene

1961 – The Dick Van Dyke Show premieres on CBS-TV

1962 – Project Mercury: NASA launches Sigma 7 from Cape Canaveral, with astronaut Wally Schirra aboard, for a six-orbit, nine-hour flight

1962 – Stop the World, I Want to Get Off! opens on Broadway in NY

1968 – Leonard Bernstein conducts the NY Philharmonic in first performance of William Schuman’s To Thee Old Cause, dedicated to the memory of Martin Luther King and Robert Kennedy

1971 – Billie Jean King becomes first female athlete to earn $100,000 in a single season

1978 – The price of gold reaches a then-record high of $223.50 an ounce in London

1981 – Irish nationalists at the Maze Prison near Belfast, Northern Ireland, end a seven month hunger strike that had claimed 10 lives

1985 – The Space Shuttle Atlantis makes its maiden flight (Mission STS-51-J)

1990 –Berlin is no longer divided as the German Democratic Republic ceases to exist and its territory becomes part of the Federal Republic of Germany. East German citizens became part of the European Community, which later became the European Union. Now celebrated as German Unity Day *

1999 – The first National Techies Day * is launched by Techies.com and CNET Networks to encourage kids to study computer science

2008 – George W Bush signs into law the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, a $700 billion bailout of the U.S financial system and some foreign banks

2009 – Maine voters vote to repeal a state law allowing same-sex couples to marry

2016 – Yoshinori Ohsumi is awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for  discovering mechanisms for autophagy

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