October 5^th is

Apple Betty Day

Do Something Nice Day

World Teacher’s Day *

International Day of No Prostitution *

____________________________________________________________

MORE!  Cyrus the Great, Louise Fitzhugh and Václav Havel, click

____________________________________________________________

WORLD FESTIVALS AND NATIONAL HOLIDAYS

Brunei – Golden Jubilee Celebration

India – Maharishi Valmiki Ji Birthday

Israel – Sukkot Holiday

Kiribati – Education Day

Macau – Chong Chao (Mid-Autumn Festival)

Myanmar – Thadingyut Full Moon (Buddhist)

Nepal –Kojagrat Purnima
(last day of Dashain)

Portugal – Republic Day

Sri Lanka – Vap Full Moon Poya

Vanuatu – Constitution Day

___________________________________________________________

On This Day in HISTORY

539 BC – (traditional date) The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon

610 – Coronation of Byzantine Emperor Heraclius, who made Greek the Eastern Empire’s official language

1274 – Al-Dhahabi born, Syrian Shafi’i scholar and historian; one of his teachers was Zainab Bint ‘Umar Bin Kindi, a woman, who taught him the beginnings of the Sahih Al-Bukhari, a major Sunni text, and the book of Al-Nikaah

1450 – Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria, orders expulsion of Jews from Lower Bavaria

1665 – The Academia Holsatorum Chiloniensis is founded in Kiel, the northernmost university in the Holy Roman Empire, now called the University of Kiel

1713 – Denis Diderot born, French philosopher and critic

1743 – Giuseppe Gazzaniga born, Italian opera composer

1789 – The Women’s March on Versailles: Parisian women march to Versailles to demand bread from Louis XVI, to insist the King and his court move to Paris, and to protest his refusal to issue decrees to abolish feudalism

1789 – William Scoresby born, British Arctic explorer and scientist; his observations in snow and crystals in the polar regions and temperature variations in the polar oceans are among the first published

1850 – Fanny Jane Butler born, pioneering English medical missionary to India, worked in Kashmir, also founded medical facilities in Srinagar and Bhagalpur

1857 – Anaheim, California, is founded

1858 – Helen Churchill Candee born, American author, journalist, interior decorator and feminist; survivor of the sinking of the Titanic; How Women May Earn a Living (1900) was a best-seller, and Decorative Styles and Periods establishes her design credentials; board member of the National Woman Suffrage Association

Helen Candee, son Harry, their guide, and “Effie” the elephant at Angkor Wat (1922)

1864 – Louis Lumière born, French chemist, director and producer, a filmmaking pioneer

1877 – Chief Joseph surrenders his Nez Perce band to General Nelson Miles: “I will fight no more forever”

1882 – Robert H. Goddard born, American physicist, engineer and inventor; built the first liquid-fueled rocket

1889 – Teresa de la Parra born, Venezuelan author; Iphigenia: Diary of a young lady who wrote because she was bored

1892 – Remington Kellogg born, American naturalist, zoologist and paleontologist; a director of the U.S. National Museum; studied fossil pinnipeds and marine mammals, feeding habits of hawks and owls, and the predatory risk to humans of alligators

     Remington Kellogg holding Amazon River dolphin skull

1905 – Wilbur Wright in Wright Flyer III flies 24 miles in 39 minutes, a world record

1908 – Joshua Logan born, American stage and film director, producer and writer; revealed in his biography, Josh, My Up and Down, In and Out Life, that he suffered from Bipolar disorder, and had been treated with lithium

1911 – The Kowloon-Canton Railway begins service

1916 – Stetson Kennedy born, American author, folklorist, and human rights activist who infiltrated the Georgia Ku Klux Klan in the 1940s to expose their secrets to authorities and then testified against Klan leaders, who were found guilty; the state of Georgia revoked the Klan’s corporate charter after his revelations; wrote monographs against poll taxes and other restrictions that disenfranchised the poor and minorities

1917 – Magda Szabó born, most translated Hungarian author and poet; censured by the Hungarian communist regime for not conforming to socialist realism;  The Door, Für Elise, An Old-Fashioned Story

1928 – Louise Fitzhugh born, American author-illustrator; Harriet the Spy series

1931 – Rosalie Cheeseman Gower born, Canadian nurse and political activist; appointed as a commissioner of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC – 1980-1992), where she was an effective advocate for public interest over industry profits, and improved media portrayals of women

1932 – Václav Havel, Czech poet, playwright, dissident and politician, first President of the Czech Republic

1932 – Yvonne Braithwaite Burke born, African-American politician, U.S. Congresswoman (D-CA)

1936 – Two hundred men, with Jarrow’s female MP Ellen Wilkinson, begin marching from the town of Jarrow to London, carrying a petition for re-establishment of industry in their town, which had ended when Jarrow’s main employer, Palmer’s shipyard, closed in 1934, after building more than a 1000 ships since 1851. While they were warmly welcomed by the London public, and Parliament received the petition, it was not debated, so the marchers believed they had failed. But the Jarrow March helped foster changes which did lead to major social reforms following WWII

1938 – Nazi Germany invalidates Jewish passports, issuing passports marked with a J for ‘Jude’ for those desiring to emigrate

1944 – French women get the right to vote

1945 – ‘Hollywood Black Friday’ – after six months on strike, 3oo set decorators represented by the Conference of Studio Unions picket at the Warner Brothers main gate in very hot weather – as scabs try to get past them, tempers flare and cars are stopped and overturned; reinforcements arrive from both the strikers and the studio and a riot breaks out, with studio strikebreakers using chains, hammers, pipes, night sticks, tears gas, and fire hoses in the battle; 300 police and deputy sheriffs are called to stop the violence; over 40 injuries are reported

1947 – President Harry S. Truman makes the first televised White House address, asking Americans to give up eating meat on Tuesdays and poultry on Thursdays to help stockpile grain for starving people in Europe

1955 – Disneyland Hotel opens in Anaheim, California

1959 – Maya Lin born, artist-architect of the Vietnam Memorial in Washington D.C. (1980-82) and other public sculptures, author of Boundaries

1962 – The first Albert Broccoli production of the James Bond series, Dr. No, premieres, and the first Beatles single “Love Me Do” is released

1969 – First episode Monty Python’s Flying Circus airs on BBC One

1970 – Public Television: PBS is founded

1983 – Solidarity founder Lech Walesa is named winner of the Nobel Peace Prize

1988 – Chilean coalition Concertación ends Augusto Pinochet’s re-election bid

1988 – Democrat Lloyd Bentsen lambastes Republican Dan Quayle during their vice-presidential debate, telling Quayle, “Senator, you’re no Jack Kennedy”

1989 – A North Carolina jury finds PTL evangelist Jim Bakker guilty of using his TV show to defraud followers

1990 – After one hundred and fifty years The Herald broadsheet newspaper of Melbourne, Australia, is published for the last time as a separate newspaper

1994 – World Teachers Day * is founded by a coalition of teachers organizations

2000 – Mass demonstrations in Belgrade lead to resignation of Serbian strongman Slobodan Milošević, often called the ‘Bulldozer Revolution’

2002 – The first International Day of No Prostitution, * supported by the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women

2005 – Defying the White House, the Senate votes 90-9 to approve an amendment that would prohibit the use of “cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment” against anyone in U.S. government custody

___________________________________________________________